Club Drugs:
Club drugs are being used by young adults at all-night
dance parties such as "raves" or "trances,"
dance clubs, and bars. MDMA (Ecstasy), GHB, Rohypnol,
ketamine, methamphetamine, and LSD are some of the club
or party drugs gaining popularity. NIDA-supported (National
Institute on Drug Abuse) research has shown that use of
club drugs can cause serious health problems and, in some
cases, even death. Used in combination with alcohol, these
drugs can be even more dangerous.
Club drugs are attractive to today’s youth because they
are inexpensive and produce increased stamina and intoxicating
highs. Because many of these drugs are colorless, tasteless,
and odorless, they can be secretly added to beverages
by individuals who want to intoxicate or sedate others.
Research has shown that club drugs can have long-lasting
negative effects on the brain, especially on memory function
and motor skills. When club drugs are combined with alcohol,
the effect is intensified, and they become even more dangerous
and potentially fatal.
The most widely used club drugs are:
- Ecstasy. Also known as MDMA (methylenedioxymethamphetamine),
Ecstasy is a stimulant that combines the effects of
amphetamines and hallucinogens.
- Rohypnol. Known as the “date rape drug,” Rohypnol
is a central nervous system depressant that produces
sedative-hypnotic effects, muscle relaxation, and amnesia.
- Ketamine. A rapid-acting general anesthetic, ketamine
produces a wide range of feelings, from weightlessness
to out-of-body or near-death experiences.
- GHB (gamma hydroxybutyrate). Originally available
over the counter in health food stores to aid body builders,
GHB and other synthetic steroids are also used for their
euphoric effects.
- LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide). This hallucinogen
produces unpredictable effects, depending on the amount
taken, the surroundings in which the drug is used, and
the user’s personality, mood, and expectations.
- Among the club drugs discussed in this page, methamphetamine
accounts for the largest use and is most frequent in
metropolitan areas in the western U.S.
- LSD is the next most common in emergency department
(ED) visit mentions, followed by GHB, MDMA (Ecstasy),
Rohypnol, and Ketamine.
- ED episodes involving club drugs usually involve multiple
substances, such as marijuana, cocaine, and other club
drugs. Alcohol is a particularly common factor in these
episodes.
- ED episodes related to GHB, Ketamine, and MDMA increased
significantly from 1994 to 1999, and GHB and MDMA mentions
increased dramatically from 1997 to 1999.
- Young people are disproportionately represented in
ED visits involving club drugs.
- Cumulatively, 2601 deaths associated with methamphetamine
abuse, 46 deaths associated with Ketamine and 27 with
MDMA were reported by participating medical examiners
over the 5-year period from 1994 to 1998.
Source: U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services. SAMHSA's Center for Substance
Abuse Prevention. Prevention Alert: Club Drugs: A New
Community Threat (Volume 3, Number 24 ed.) Washington,
DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved September
23, 2002 from the World Wide Web:http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/prevalert/v3i24.aspx
Source: U.S. Department of Health
and Human Services. Substance Abuse and Mental Health
Services Administration. DAWN Report: Club Drugs (PHD856)Washington,
DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved September
23, 2002 from the World Wide Web:http://www.samhsa.gov/oas/DAWN/clubdrug.htm
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